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22Optimizing box volume

An open box is made from a 12 cm by 12 cm sheet by cutting equal squares from each corner and folding up the sides. Find the maximum volume of the box.

Cutting squares of side x gives V(x) = x(12−2x)². Setting V′(x)=0 gives x=2 (the valid root), and V(2)=2(8)²=128 cm³, the maximum volume. Checking nearby x=1 and x=3 give smaller volumes, confirming the peak.

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